Data dictionary for data associated with paper, “Toxicity of herbicides used for control of waterhyacinth in the California Delta towards the planthopper Megamelus scutellaris released for biological control”. Testnum=Bioassay number. A total of five laboratory bioassays were conducted Date=Date test started. Planthoppers exposed to dipped leaves on this date, removed 24 hr later and transferred to whole untreated plants for 6 days Trt=Leaf-dipping treatment in lab bioassays. Leaves were dipped for 15 seconds in herbicide or surfactant solutions prepared as described in the paper. 2,4D: 46.8% ai concentrate, 5 ml per L. Diquat dibromide: 37.3% ai concentrate, 0.928 ml per L. Glyphosate (isopropylamine salt): 53.8% ai concentrate, 7.5 ml per L. Imazamox (ammonium salt): 12.1% ai concentrate, 3.7 ml per L. Penoxsulam: 21.7% ai concentrate, 0.391 ml per L. Paraffinic oil-based surfactant: 3.7 ml per L. Vegetable oil-based surfactant: 3.7 ml per L. Rep=Replicate leaf and set of planthoppers in lab bioassays BMBefore=Number of brachypterous (short-winged) male M. scutellaris planthoppers collected for this replicate. Only adults were collected. Sex and wing form determined before test only for bioassays 1, 2, and 3 BFBefore=Number of brachypterous (short-winged) female M. scutellaris planthoppers collected for this replicate. Only adults were collected. Sex and wing form determined before test only for bioassays 1, 2, and 3 MMBefore=Number of macropterous (long-winged) male M. scutellaris planthoppers collected for this replicate. Only adults were collected. Sex and wing form determined before test only for bioassays 1, 2, and 3 MFBefore=Number of macropterous (long-winged) female M. scutellaris planthoppers collected for this replicate. Only adults were collected. Sex and wing form determined before test only for bioassays 1, 2, and 3 BMAfter=Number of brachypterous (short-winged) male M. scutellaris planthoppers alive 6 days after end of exposure. Determined after 24 hours exposure to dipped leaf, then 6 days on whole untreated plant. Planthoppers were collected live from whole plants at end of bioassay (7 days total), freeze-killed overnight and then examined BFAfter=Number of brachypterous (short-winged) female M. scutellaris planthoppers alive 6 days after exposure. Determined after 24 hours exposure to dipped leaf, then 6 days on whole untreated plant. Planthoppers were collected live from whole plants at end of bioassay (7 days total), freeze-killed overnight and then examined MMAfter=Number of macropterous (long-winged) male M. scutellaris planthoppers alive 6 days after exposure. Determined after 24 hours exposure to dipped leaf, then 6 days on whole untreated plant. Planthoppers were collected live from whole plants at end of bioassay (7 days total), freeze-killed overnight and then examined MFAfter=Number of macropterous (long-winged) female M. scutellaris planthoppers alive 6 days after exposure. Determined after 24 hours exposure to dipped leaf, then 6 days on whole untreated plant. Planthoppers were collected live from whole plants at end of bioassay (7 days total), freeze-killed overnight and then examined TotMaleBefore=BMBefore+MMBefore. Only adults were collected. Sex and wing form determined before test only for bioassays 1, 2, and 3 TotFemaleBefore=BFBefore+MFBefore. Only adults were collected. Sex and wing form determined before test only for bioassays 1, 2, and 3 TotBefore=TotMaleBefore+TorFemaleBefore. For bioassays 4 and 5, total adults counted directly. Adult planthoppers were not sexed or scored for wing type before bioassay ProportionFemaleBefore=TotFemaleBefore/(TotFemaleBefore+TotMaleBefore) Calculated for bioassays 1, 2, and 3 only TotMaleAfter=BMAfter+MMAfter TotFemaleAfte= BFAfter+MFAfter TotAfter=TotMaleAfter+TotFemaleAfter TotLabBioassayResponse=(TotAfter-TotBefore)/TotBefore. The response variable analyzed for all laboratory bioassays. Exposure of planthoppers to leaves dipped in diquat, paraffinic oil-based surfactant or an insecticide caused greater mortality than did exposure to water-dipped leaves in more than one trial. Exposure to the four other herbicides or the vegetable oil-based surfactant did not lead to increased mortality. FieldMesocosmTrialNumber. Field mesocosm trial number. A total of three field mesocosm trials were run. Mesocosms (39-L oblong clear plastic tubs) were started with 5-7 juvenile-stage waterhyacinth plants each and a population allowed 4 weeks to establish in fertilized untreated pond water, by which time tubs were completely covered in plants TrtFieldMesocosmTrial=Treatment sprayed onto plants inside mesocosm. Treatments were prepared as in laboratory bioassays and applied with a hand-held sprayer until all leaves were wet (55-60 ml per mesocosm) MesocosmRep=Replicate mesocosm within each trial DateCollected=End date of trial (72 hours after spray, 4 days after planthopper release into mesocosms). Water was pumped out of mesocosm tanks. Planthoppers were then collected with two hand-held vacuum devices: An 'Insecta-Zooka' ("vac1") for two minutes, and then, after removing plants from the mesocosm tank, a modified Ryobi home cordless vacuum ('Bug-Vac') ("vac2") for one minute. BMVac1=Brachypterous male adults captured by vac1. For all counts, planthoppers were freeze-killed overnight in vials, then thawed and counted BMVac2=Brachypterous male adults captured by vac2 BMTotal=Total brachypterous male adults captured BFVac1=Brachypterous female adults captured by vac 1 BFVac2=Brachypterous female adults captured by vac 2 BFTotal=Total brachypterous female adults captured MMVac1=Macropterous male adults captured by vac1 MMVac2=Macropterous male adults captured by vac2 MMTotal=Total macropterous male adults captured MFVac1=Macropterous female adults captured by vac1 MFVac2=Macropterous female adults captured by vac2 MFTotal=Total macropterous female adults captured ExtraVac2=Extra unsexed adults observed while using vac 2 that escaped Vac1TotAdults=Total adults captured by vac 1 Vac2TotAdults=Total adults captured by vac 2 FinalTotalAdultsCollected=Total adults captured at end of field mesocosm trial. Response variable analyzed for differences. Diquat and paraffinic oil, as well as an insecticide positive control treatment, led to significantly lower final counts in mesocosms than did application with water, 2,4-D, glyphosate or imazamox herbicides. Nymphs were also collected but were not counted, as the field mesocosm studies focused on recovery of adults added 4 days prior (at 72 hours after spray). ShootDryMass=Dry weight of shoots collected 72h-one week after planthopper collection date. Waterhyacinth plants were left to dry in field for at least 72 hours and not more than one week. Shoots (leaves and stems) were then collected into paper bags. Samples were dried at 65-70C for one week. Dry weight was then determined after subtracting bag weight. Dry weight did not differ among treatments, showing that planthoppers had equal amounts of plant material to feed on in the field mesocosm trials.