Ecological Archives A011-015-A1

Bo Söderström, Tomas Pärt, and Erik Linnarsson. 2001. Grazing effects on between-year variation of farmland bird communities. Ecological Applications 11:1141-1150.
 

Appendix A: Classification into functional groups of farmland bird species breeding in semi-natural dry pastures.

 

Species

Scientific name

Body

mass

Breeding

diet

Nesting

location

Foraging method§

Gray Partridge

Perdix perdix

Large (382)

Mixed

Ground, open

Ground gleaning

Pheasant

Phasianus colchicus

Large (1133)

Mixed

Ground, open

Ground probing

Wryneck

Jynx torquilla

Large (37)

Insects

Tree, cavity

Ground probing

Green Woodpecker

Picus viridis

Large (191)

Insects

Tree, cavity

Ground probing

Skylark

Alauda arvensis

Large (36)

Mixed

Ground, open

Ground gleaning

Meadow Pipit

Anthus pratensis

Small (19)

Insects

Ground, open

Ground gleaning

Tree Pipit

Anthus trivialis

Small (23)

Insects

Ground, open

Ground gleaning

White Wagtail

Motacilla a. alba

Small (21)

Insects

Ground, cavity

Ground gleaning

Whinchat

Saxicola rubetra

Small (17)

Insects

Ground, open

Swoops

Wheatear

Oenanthe oenanthe

Small (24)

Insects

Ground, cavity

Ground gleaning

Fieldfare

Turdus pilaris

Large (106)

Insects

Tree, open

Ground probing

Lesser Whitethroat

Sylvia curruca

Small (12)

Insects

Shrub, open

Foliage gleaning

Whitethroat

Sylvia communis

Small (15)

Insects

Shrub, open

Foliage gleaning

Red-backed Shrike

Lanius collurio

Large (34)

Insects

Shrub, open

Swoops

Magpie

Pica pica

Large (228)

Mixed

Tree, open

Ground gleaning

Jackdaw

Corvus monedula

Large (230)

Mixed

Tree, cavity

Ground gleaning

Hooded Crow

Corvus corone cornix

Large (544)

Mixed

Tree, open

Ground gleaning

Starling

Sturnus vulgaris

Large (80)

Insects

Tree, cavity

Ground probing

House Sparrow

Passer domesticus

Small (30)

Mixed

House, cavity

Ground gleaning

Tree Sparrow

Passer montanus

Small (22)

Mixed

House, cavity

Ground gleaning

Greenfinch

Carduelis chloris

Small (28)

Mixed

Shrub, open

Foliage gleaning

Goldfinch

Carduelis carduelis

Small (16)

Mixed

Tree, open

Foliage gleaning

Linnet

Carduelis cannabina

Small (19)

Mixed

Shrub, open

Ground gleaning

Yellowhammer

Emberiza citrinella

Small (26)

Mixed

Ground, open

Ground gleaning

Ortolan Bunting

Emberiza hortulana

Small (21)

Mixed

Ground, open

Ground gleaning

Small = <= 30 g, Large = >30 g. Actual body mass in g (average of both sexes) are reported in parentheses.

Mixed = mixed diet of plant material and insects, Insects = insect diet.

§ Principal method of foraging during the breeding season.

Data are from:

Cramp, S., K. E. L. Simmons, and C. M. Perrins (1977-1994). The Birds of the Western Palearctic,Vol. I–IX.

Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.

Ehrlich, P. R., D. S. Dobkin, D. Wheye, and S. L. Pimm. 1994. The Birdwatcher's Handbook: a Guide to the Natural

History of the Birds of Britain and Europe. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.

 


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