Ecological Archives A023-024-A1
Charles D. Canham, Nicole Rogers, Thomas Buchholz. 2013. Regional variation in forest harvest regimes in the northeastern United States. Ecological Applications 23:515–522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-0180.1
Appendix A. Forest statistics reported by the U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis program for the 19 states from Virginia and Kentucky north to Wisconsin and Maine.
Table A1. The FIA program posts periodic “evaluations” (summaries of data from plots sampled over a defined time period) for each state on its website at http://apps.fs.fed.us/fiadb-downloads/FIADB4_pop_estimates.html. The table below summarizes evaluations posted for periods between 2002 and 2008 for which estimates of both net growth and removals were available. The census intervals vary because of state-to-state differences in the timing of plot censuses. “Area” is total forestland area (106 ha). “Volume” is the aboveground volume of all live adult trees (106 m3). “Removals” is the total aboveground volume of all live adult trees harvested since the previous census. “Mortality” is the total aboveground volume of adult trees that died from causes other than removal since the previous census. “Net Growth” is the increase in total live adult tree volume in the plot during the census interval, minus loss from mortality (but not removals). For both the region as a whole and in all individual states except Illinois, Indiana, and Vermont, harvesting accounted for more mortality than all other causes combined (58% of all adult tree mortality for the region as a whole). Note that in the state of Maine, removals during the period of the 2003–2007 evaluation also exceeded net growth, and that for the region as a whole, removals equaled 57% of net growth.
State |
Evaluation years |
Area (million hectares) |
Volume (million m3) |
Net growth (million m3/yr) |
Mortality (million m3 /yr) |
Removals (million m3 / yr) |
Connecticut |
2003–2007 |
0.69 |
114.50 |
2.77 |
0.75 |
1.41 |
Delaware |
2004–2008 |
0.14 |
24.42 |
1.01 |
0.17 |
0.21 |
Illinois |
2004–2008 |
1.94 |
244.99 |
6.13 |
3.51 |
1.42 |
Indiana |
2004–2008 |
1.92 |
277.09 |
9.87 |
2.79 |
2.49 |
Kentucky |
2008 |
5.03 |
679.47 |
20.88 |
6.11 |
9.43 |
Maine |
2003–2007 |
7.13 |
721.06 |
16.31 |
10.20 |
17.55 |
Maryland |
2004–2008 |
1.01 |
183.18 |
5.52 |
1.65 |
1.98 |
Massachusetts |
2003–2006 |
1.24 |
224.29 |
4.46 |
1.57 |
1.88 |
Michigan |
2004–2008 |
8.02 |
893.47 |
21.67 |
9.64 |
10.54 |
New Hampshire |
2002–2006 |
1.91 |
297.63 |
4.69 |
3.55 |
5.05 |
New Jersey |
2004–2006 |
0.84 |
112.71 |
3.15 |
0.86 |
1.08 |
New York |
2002–2006 |
7.64 |
1,112.10 |
19.79 |
9.59 |
9.59 |
Ohio |
2002–2007 |
3.26 |
450.11 |
13.18 |
5.31 |
5.81 |
Pennsylvania |
2003–2007 |
6.72 |
993.12 |
24.00 |
9.07 |
12.56 |
Rhode Island |
2003–2007 |
0.14 |
21.99 |
0.60 |
0.08 |
0.15 |
Virginia |
2007 |
6.42 |
937.17 |
28.26 |
8.32 |
22.00 |
Vermont |
2003–2007 |
1.86 |
286.32 |
5.08 |
3.40 |
3.39 |
West Virginia |
2004–2006 |
4.86 |
752.51 |
18.51 |
6.69 |
10.32 |
Wisconsin |
2004–2008 |
6.76 |
658.13 |
17.61 |
7.88 |
10.18 |
Totals |
67.5 |
8,984.3 |
223.5 |
91.1 |
127.1 |
Table A2. Summary statistics for FIA plots used in the analyses, by region and forest type.
No. plots |
Average aboveground |
Standard deviation of |
Fraction of plots logged |
Average % of basal area |
Standard deviation of |
|
REGION |
||||||
Maine |
3092 |
65.4 |
49.0 |
5.7 |
42.9 |
28.9 |
NY and NE |
1075 |
102.7 |
65.9 |
7.8 |
24.6 |
23.0 |
PA and MD |
2176 |
107.1 |
68.7 |
7.7 |
28.6 |
24.3 |
Michigan |
6218 |
70.6 |
52.5 |
8.5 |
34.8 |
29.4 |
Wisconsin |
4501 |
63.5 |
49.8 |
6.9 |
36.2 |
29.2 |
IL, IN, and OH |
1925 |
85.8 |
59.9 |
12.5 |
29.3 |
25.2 |
Kentucky |
1359 |
86.4 |
58.5 |
11.0 |
36.6 |
25.4 |
Virginia |
2262 |
95.2 |
66.0 |
7.3 |
53.4 |
34.0 |
FOREST TYPE |
||||||
Spruce Fir |
2243 |
46.6 |
36.5 |
11.4 |
41.0 |
28.0 |
Oak |
8149 |
91.4 |
61.2 |
7.9 |
34.5 |
29.7 |
Northern Hardwood |
8015 |
81.3 |
58.2 |
6.4 |
37.7 |
28.9 |