Ecological Archives E084-045-A3 

Brian P. Kinlan and Steven D. Gaines. 2003. Propagule dispersal in marine and terrestrial environments: a community perspective. Ecology 84:2007–2020.

Appendix C. Estimates of dispersal scale for terrestrial taxa.

Species

Type

Method

IBD Slope§
(FST/km)

Dispersal distance (km)

Reference

Terrestrial Angiosperms: Genetic estimates

         

Agrostis curtisii

H

Allozyme

0.0000838

19.1

Warren et al. 1998

Alseis blackiana

W

Allozyme

0.007

0.229

Hamrick and Loveless 1989

Brassica insularis

H

Allozyme

0.00608

0.263

Petit et al. 2001

Brosimum alicastrum

W

Allozyme

0.0025

0.640

Hamrick and Loveless 1989

Carapa guianensis

H

Allozyme

0.000787

2.04

Hall et al. 1994

Caryocar brasiliense

W

Microsatellite

0.0000778

20.6

Collevatti et al. 2001

Centaurea corymbosa

H

Allozyme

0.241

0.00663

Petit et al. 2001

Cryptotaenia canadensis

H

Allozyme

0.00314

0.511

Williams and Guries 1994

Erythrina costaricensis

W

Allozyme

0.0085

0.188

Hamrick and Loveless 1989

Filipendula vulgaris

H

Allozyme

0.00604

0.265

Weidema et al. 2000

Gymnadenia conopsea

H

Microsatellite

0.000319

5.02

Gustafsson 2000

Hybanthus prunifolius

W

Allozyme

0.0055

0.291

Hamrick and Loveless 1989

Osmorhiza claytoni

H

Allozyme

0.00248

0.646

Williams and Guries 1994

Platypodium elegans

W

Allozyme

0.011

0.146

Hamrick and Loveless 1989

Prunus mahaleb

W

RAPD

0.00936

0.171

Jordano and Godoy 2000

Psychotria horizontalis

W

Allozyme

0.003

0.534

Hamrick and Loveless 1989

Sanicula odorata

H

Allozyme

0.00213

0.751

Williams and Guries 1994

Swartzia simplex

W

Allozyme

0.009

0.178

Hamrick and Loveless 1989

Tachigalia versicolor

W

Allozyme

0.0055

0.291

Hamrick and Loveless 1989

           

Terrestrial Angiosperms: Invasion estimates, Trees

   

Average rate (km/y)

Maximum rate (km/y)

 

Abies sp.

W

Paleo

0.2

0.3

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Acer sp.

W

Paleo

0.2

1

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Alnus sp.

W

Paleo

1

2

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Carpinus betulus

W

Paleo

0.5

1

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Carya sp.

W

Paleo

0.225

.

Davis 1981

Castanea sativa

W

Paleo

0.1

0.3

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Corylus sp.

W

Paleo

1.5

2.5

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Fagus sp.

W

Paleo

0.2

0.3

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Fraxinus excelsio

W

Paleo

0.3

0.5

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Juglans sp.

W

Paleo

0.4

0.4

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Larix sp.

W

Paleo

0.25

.

Davis 1981

Picea sitchensis

W

Modern

0.35

.

Fastie 1995

Picea sp.

W

Paleo

0.25

0.5

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Pinus canariensis

W

Modern

0.182

0.368

Rouget et al. 2001

Pinus halipensis

W

Modern

0.484

3.66

Rouget et al. 2001

Pinus pinaster

W

Modern

0.134

1.78

Rouget et al. 2001

Pinus radiata

W

Modern

0.323

1.53

Rouget et al. 2001

Pinus resinosa

W

Paleo

0.4

.

Davis 1981

Pinus strobes

W

Paleo

0.325

.

Davis 1981

Pistacia sp.

W

Paleo

0.23

0.3

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Quercus sp.

W

Paleo

0.35

0.5

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Tilia sp.

W

Paleo

0.3

0.5

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

Tsuga sp.

W

Paleo

0.225

.

Davis 1981

Ulmus sp.

W

Paleo

0.25

0.5

Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983

           

Terrestrial Angiosperms:
Invasion estimates,
Woodland herbs

   

From Matlack 1994

           

Terrestrial Angiosperms: Direct estimates

       

From Cain et al. 1998

           

Phytophagous Insects: Genetic estimates

       

From Peterson and Denno 1998

Estimated from genetics, invasion rate, and direct/experimental techniques. Each method entails biases and uncertainties which limit the use of these dispersal estimates to a comparative context. See text for details.

Taxonomic group, H = Herbaceous plant, W = Woody plant.

§Estimated from increase in FST or equivalent over spatial scale of the study (see Methods for details).

Literature Cited

Collevatti, R. G., D. Grattapaglia, and J. D. Hay. 2001. Population genetic structure of the endangered tropical tree species Caryocar brasiliense, based on variability at microsatellite loci. Molecular Ecology 10:349–356.

Davis, M. B. 1981. Quaternary history and the stability of forest communities. Pages 132–153 in D. C. West, H. H. Shugart, and D. B. Botkin, editors. Forest Succession. Springer, New York, New York, USA.

Fastie, C. L. 1995. Causes and ecosystem consequences of multiple pathways of primary succession at Glacier Bay, Alaska. Ecology 76:1899–1916.

Gustafsson, S. 2000. Patterns of genetic variation in Gymnadenia conopsea, the fragrant orchid. Molecular Ecology 9:1863–1872.

Hall, P., L. C. Orrell, and K. S. Bawa. 1994. Genetic diversity and mating system in a tropical tree, Carapa guianensis (Meliaceae). American Journal of Botany 81:1104–1111.

Hamrick, J. L., and M. D. Loveless. 1989. The genetic structure of tropical tree populations: associations with reproductive biology. in J. H. Bock and Y. B. Linhart, editors. The Evolutionary Ecology of Plants. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, USA.

Huntley, B., and H. J. B. Birks. 1983. An atlas of past and present maps for Europe: 0-13000 years ago. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Jordano, P., and J. A. Godoy. 2000. RAPD variation and population genetic structure in Prunus mahaleb (Rosaceae), an animal-dispersed tree. Molecular Ecology 9:1293–1305.

Matlack, G. R. 1994. Plant species migration in a mixed-history forest landscape in eastern North America. Ecology 75:1491–1502.

Petit, C., H. Freville, A. Mignot, B. Colas, M. Riba, E. Imbert, S. Hurtrez-Bousses, M. Virevaire, and I. Olivieri. 2001. Gene flow and local adaptation in two endemic plant species. Biological Conservation 100:21–34.

Rouget, M., D. M. Richardson, S. J. Milton, and D. Polakow. 2001. Predicting invasion dynamics of four alien Pinus species in a highly fragmented semi-arid shrubland in South Africa. Plant Ecology 152:79–92.

Warren, J. M., A. F. Raybould, T. Ball, A. J. Gray, and M. D. Hayward. 1998. Genetic structure in the perennial grasses Lolium perenne and Agrostis curtisii. Heredity 81:556–562.

Weidema, I. R., L. S. Magnussen, and M. Philipp. 2000. Gene flow and mode of pollination in a dry-grassland species, Filipendula vulgaris (Rosaceae). Heredity 84:311–320.

Williams, C. F., and R. P. Guries. 1994. Genetic consequences of seed dispersal in three sympatric forest herbs.  I. Hierarchical population-genetic structure. Evolution 48:791–805.


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