Appendix C. Estimates of dispersal scale for terrestrial taxa†.
Species |
Type‡ |
Method |
IBD Slope§ |
Dispersal distance (km) |
Reference |
Terrestrial Angiosperms: Genetic estimates |
|||||
Agrostis curtisii |
H |
Allozyme |
0.0000838 |
19.1 |
Warren et al. 1998 |
Alseis blackiana |
W |
Allozyme |
0.007 |
0.229 |
Hamrick and Loveless 1989 |
Brassica insularis |
H |
Allozyme |
0.00608 |
0.263 |
Petit et al. 2001 |
Brosimum alicastrum |
W |
Allozyme |
0.0025 |
0.640 |
Hamrick and Loveless 1989 |
Carapa guianensis |
H |
Allozyme |
0.000787 |
2.04 |
Hall et al. 1994 |
Caryocar brasiliense |
W |
Microsatellite |
0.0000778 |
20.6 |
Collevatti et al. 2001 |
Centaurea corymbosa |
H |
Allozyme |
0.241 |
0.00663 |
Petit et al. 2001 |
Cryptotaenia canadensis |
H |
Allozyme |
0.00314 |
0.511 |
Williams and Guries 1994 |
Erythrina costaricensis |
W |
Allozyme |
0.0085 |
0.188 |
Hamrick and Loveless 1989 |
Filipendula vulgaris |
H |
Allozyme |
0.00604 |
0.265 |
Weidema et al. 2000 |
Gymnadenia conopsea |
H |
Microsatellite |
0.000319 |
5.02 |
Gustafsson 2000 |
Hybanthus prunifolius |
W |
Allozyme |
0.0055 |
0.291 |
Hamrick and Loveless 1989 |
Osmorhiza claytoni |
H |
Allozyme |
0.00248 |
0.646 |
Williams and Guries 1994 |
Platypodium elegans |
W |
Allozyme |
0.011 |
0.146 |
Hamrick and Loveless 1989 |
Prunus mahaleb |
W |
RAPD |
0.00936 |
0.171 |
Jordano and Godoy 2000 |
Psychotria horizontalis |
W |
Allozyme |
0.003 |
0.534 |
Hamrick and Loveless 1989 |
Sanicula odorata |
H |
Allozyme |
0.00213 |
0.751 |
Williams and Guries 1994 |
Swartzia simplex |
W |
Allozyme |
0.009 |
0.178 |
Hamrick and Loveless 1989 |
Tachigalia versicolor |
W |
Allozyme |
0.0055 |
0.291 |
Hamrick and Loveless 1989 |
Terrestrial Angiosperms: Invasion estimates, Trees |
Average rate (km/y) |
Maximum rate (km/y) |
|||
Abies sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Acer sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.2 |
1 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Alnus sp. |
W |
Paleo |
1 |
2 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Carpinus betulus |
W |
Paleo |
0.5 |
1 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Carya sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.225 |
. |
Davis 1981 |
Castanea sativa |
W |
Paleo |
0.1 |
0.3 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Corylus sp. |
W |
Paleo |
1.5 |
2.5 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Fagus sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Fraxinus excelsio |
W |
Paleo |
0.3 |
0.5 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Juglans sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.4 |
0.4 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Larix sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.25 |
. |
Davis 1981 |
Picea sitchensis |
W |
Modern |
0.35 |
. |
Fastie 1995 |
Picea sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.25 |
0.5 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Pinus canariensis |
W |
Modern |
0.182 |
0.368 |
Rouget et al. 2001 |
Pinus halipensis |
W |
Modern |
0.484 |
3.66 |
Rouget et al. 2001 |
Pinus pinaster |
W |
Modern |
0.134 |
1.78 |
Rouget et al. 2001 |
Pinus radiata |
W |
Modern |
0.323 |
1.53 |
Rouget et al. 2001 |
Pinus resinosa |
W |
Paleo |
0.4 |
. |
Davis 1981 |
Pinus strobes |
W |
Paleo |
0.325 |
. |
Davis 1981 |
Pistacia sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.23 |
0.3 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Quercus sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.35 |
0.5 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Tilia sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.3 |
0.5 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Tsuga sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.225 |
. |
Davis 1981 |
Ulmus sp. |
W |
Paleo |
0.25 |
0.5 |
Davis 1981; Huntley and Birks 1983 |
Terrestrial Angiosperms: |
From Matlack 1994 |
||||
Terrestrial Angiosperms: Direct estimates |
From Cain et al. 1998 |
||||
Phytophagous Insects: Genetic estimates |
From Peterson and Denno 1998 |
†Estimated from genetics, invasion rate, and direct/experimental techniques. Each method entails biases and uncertainties which limit the use of these dispersal estimates to a comparative context. See text for details.
‡Taxonomic group, H = Herbaceous plant, W = Woody plant.
§Estimated from increase in FST or equivalent over spatial scale of the study (see Methods for details).
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