Appendix B. A description of ponderosa pine bird community and analysis of ant effects on bird foraging.
TABLE B1. Division of total observed bird activity among bird species and foraging groups.
GROUP / Species |
Proportion of group |
Proportion of total |
|
GROUP / Species |
Proportion of group |
Proportion of total |
CANOPY INSECTIVORES |
|
|
|
SEED-EATERS |
|
|
Broad-tailed Hummingbird |
0.001 |
0.001 |
|
Chipping Sparrow |
0.906 |
0.072 |
Brown Creeper |
0.007 |
0.007 |
|
Steller's Jay |
0.031 |
0.002 |
Darkeyed Junco |
0.010 |
0.009 |
|
Vesper's Sparrow |
0.063 |
0.005 |
Lesser Goldfinch |
0.000 |
0.000 |
|
Total |
1.000 |
0.079 |
Mountain Bluebird |
0.017 |
0.015 |
|
FLYCATCHERS |
|
|
Mountain Chickadee |
0.483 |
0.429 |
|
Flycatcher |
0.673 |
0.009 |
Plumbeous Vireo |
0.003 |
0.002 |
|
Olive-sided Flycatcher |
0.042 |
0.001 |
Pygmy Nuthatch |
0.200 |
0.178 |
|
Western Woodpewee |
0.285 |
0.004 |
Red-breasted Nuthatch |
0.078 |
0.070 |
|
Total |
1.000 |
0.013 |
Ruby-crowned Kinglet |
0.006 |
0.005 |
|
WOODPECKERS |
|
|
Western Bluebird |
0.006 |
0.005 |
|
Hairy Woodpecker |
0.043 |
0.001 |
White-breasted Nuthatch |
0.036 |
0.032 |
|
Northern Flicker |
0.205 |
0.004 |
Yellow-rumped Warbler |
0.152 |
0.135 |
|
Williamson's Sapsucker |
0.751 |
0.014 |
Total |
1.000 |
0.888 |
|
Total |
1.000 |
0.019 |
TABLE B2. Division of total observed bird activity among classes of behavior.
BEHAVIORAL CLASS |
Proportion of total |
Branch foraging |
0.479 |
Perching |
0.129 |
Trunk foraging |
0.392 |
Total |
1.000 |
TABLE B3. ANOVA results for effects of ants on bird foraging.
Source |
F† |
P |
|
Source |
F† |
P |
BIRD GROUP |
|
|
|
BEHAVIORAL CLASS |
|
|
Insectivores |
0.64 |
0.44 |
|
Trunk foraging |
1.03 |
0.33 |
Flycatchers/Seed eaters |
0.29 |
0.60 |
|
Branch foraging |
0.79 |
0.39 |
Woodpeckers |
0.60 |
0.45 |
|
Resting |
0.01 |
0.91 |
|
|
|
|
All birds |
0.68 |
0.43 |
† Degrees of freedom are 1,13 for all tests.
FIG. B1. Mean ( + 1 SE) minutes of bird activity per hour of tree observation for foraging groups (IN = canopy insectivore, WP = wood peckers, FL/SE = fly catchers and seed-eaters), behavioral groups (BR = branch foraging, TR = trunk foraging, RE = resting) and all birds combined (ALL) on ant exclusion (white) and control (gray) trees. None of these means differed significantly (P > 0.10, see Table B3 for details). |