Appendix E. Analysis of regional and local plankton biomass as a function of dispersal rate and predation regime.
TABLE E1. Effects of planktonic dispersal rate on regional zooplankton and phytoplankton biomass (mean biomass of the three communities) of pond metacommunities, as analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA. |
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§ log transformed
ψ log(x + 1) transformed
† Greenhouse-Geisser modified probability values
For zooplankton biomass, probability values from final 7 wk of the experiment are noted in parenthesis, if the significance level is different from the 12 wk analysis. Post hoc pairwise contrasts (Tukey’s HSD) reported for significant main effects. Contrasts notation, dispersal: C = closed (no dispersal); L = low dispersal; H = high dispersal. Contrasts significance levels: ‡, marginally significant P < 0.08; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ↑, greater biomass value. For zooplankton biomass, 7 wk contrasts results are noted in parentheses if different from the 12 wk analysis.
TABLE E2. Effects of planktonic dispersal rate and bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) predation on local (community) biomass of zooplankton and phytoplankton in pond metacommunities, as analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA. Adapted from Howeth and Leibold (2008). |
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§ log transformed
ψ log (x + 1) transformed
† Greenhouse-Geisser modified probability values
For zooplankton biomass, probability values from final 7 wk of the experiment are noted in parenthesis, if the significance level is different from the 12 wk analysis. Post-hoc pairwise contrasts (Tukey’s HSD) reported for significant main effects. Contrasts notation, dispersal: C = closed (no dispersal); L = low dispersal; H = high dispersal; predation: N = press predator-free; P = press predation; N + P = pulse predation. Contrasts significance levels: ‡, marginally significant P < 0.08; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ↑, greater biomass value. For zooplankton biomass, 7 wk contrasts results are noted in parentheses if different from the 12 wk analysis.
LITERATURE CITED
Howeth, J. G., and M. A. Leibold. 2008. Planktonic dispersal dampens temporal trophic cascades in pond metacommunities. Ecology Letters 11:245–257.