Ecological Archives E093-190-A1

David W. Crowder, Tobin D. Northfield, Richard Gomulkiewicz, and William E. Snyder. 2012. Conserving and promoting evenness: organic farming and fire-based wildland management as case studies. Ecology 93:2001–2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-0110.1

Appendix A. Reference list for studies in the metadata sets.

References for Data1.txt (see Supplement 1) - Organic vs. Conventional Agriculture

Alvarez T., Frampton G.K. and Goulson D. 2001. Epigeic Collembola in winter wheat under organic, integrated and conventional farm management regimes. Agr. Ecosyst. Environ. 83:95–110.

Andersen A. and Eltun R. 2000. Long-term developments in the carabid and staphylinid (Col., Carabidae and Staphylinidae) fauna during conversion from conventional to biological farming. Journal of Applied Entomology 124:51–56.

Armstrong G. 1995. Carabid Beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Diversity and Abundance in Organic Potatoes and Conventionally Grown Seed Potatoes in the North of Scotland. Pedobiologia 39:231–237.

Basedow T. 1998. The species composition and frequency of spiders (Araneae) in fields of winter wheat grown under different conditions in Germany. Journal of Applied Entomology 122:85–590.

Bates F.S. and Harris S. 2009. Does hedgerow management on organic farms benefit small mammal populations? Agr Ecosyst Environ 129:124–130.

Beecher N.A., Johnson R.J., Brandle J.R., Case R.M. and Young L.J. 2002. Agroecology of birds in organic and nonorganic farmland. Conservation Biology 16:1620–1631.

Berkelmans R., Ferris H., Tenuta M. and van Bruggen A.H.C. 2003. Effects of long-term crop management on nematode trophic levels other than plant feeders disappear after 1 year of disruptive soil management. Appl Soil Ecol 23:223–235.

Berry N.A., Wratten S.D., McErlich A. and Frampton C. 1996. Abundance and diversity of beneficial arthropods in conventional and ''organic'' carrot crops in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 24:307–313.

Bourassa S., Carcamo H.A., Larney F.J. and Spence J.R. 2008. Carabid Assemblages (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in a Rotation of Three Different Crops in Southern Alberta, Canada: A Comparison of Sustainable and Conventional Farming. Environ Entomol 37:1214–1223.

Boutin C., Baril A., Mccabe S.K., Martin P.A. and Guy M. 2011. The Value of Woody Hedgerows for Moth Diversity on Organic and Conventional Farms. Environ Entomol 40:560–569.

Boutin C., Martin P.A. and Baril A. 2009. Arthropod diversity as affected by agricultural management (organic and conventional farming), plant species, and landscape context. Ecoscience 16:492–501.

Bouvier J.C., Ricci B., Agerberg J. and Lavigne C. 2011. Apple Orchard Pest Control Strategies Affect Bird Communities in Southeastern France. Environ Toxicol Chem 30:212–219.

Bruggisser O.T., Schmidt-Entling M.H. and Bacher S. 2010. Effects of vineyard management on biodiversity at three trophic levels. Biol Conserv 143:1521–1528.

Carcamo H.A., Niemala J.K. and Spence J.R. 1995. Farming and Ground Beetles - Effects of Agronomic Practice on Populations and Community Structure. Can Entomol 127:123–140.

Cardenas M., Ruano F., Garcia P., Pascual F. and Campos M. 2006. Impact of agricultural management on spider populations in the canopy of olive trees. Biol Control 38:188–195.

Chamberlain D.E., Joys A., Johnson P.J., Norton L., Feber R.E. and Fuller R.J. 2010. Does organic farming benefit farmland birds in winter? Biol Letters 6:82–84.

Chamberlain D.E., Wilson J.D. and Fuller R.J. (1999). A comparison of bird populations on organic and conventional farm systems in southern Britain. Biol Conserv 88:307–320.

Christensen K.D., Jacobsen E.M. and Henning N. 1996. A comparative study of bird faunas in conventionally and organically farmed areas. Dansk Ornithologisk Forenings Tidsskrift 90:21–28.

Clark M.S. (1999). Ground beetle abundance and community composition in conventional and organic tomato systems of California's Central Valley. Appl Soil Ecol 11:199–206.

Clough Y., Holzschuh A., Gabriel D., Purtauf T., Kleijn D., Kruess A., Steffan-Dewenter I. and Tscharntke T. 2007. Alpha and beta diversity of arthropods and plants in organically and conventionally managed wheat fields. J Appl Ecol 44:804–812.

Cotes B., Campos M., Pascual F. and Ruano F. 2010. The Ladybeetle Community (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Southern Olive Agroecosystems of Spain. Environ Entomol 39:79–87.

Cotes B., Ruano F., Garcia P.A., Pascual F. and Campos M. 2009. Coccinellid morphospecies as an alternative method for differentiating management regimes in olive orchards. Ecological Indicators 9:548–555.

Danhardt J., Green M., Lindstrom A., Rundlof M. and Smith H.G. 2010. Farmland as stopover habitat for migrating birds - effects of organic farming and landscape structure. Oikos 119:1114–1125.

Diekotter T., Wamser S., Wolters V. and Birkhofer K. 2010. Landscape and management effects on structure and function of soil arthropod communities in winter wheat. Agr Ecosyst Environ 137:108–112.

Doles J.L., Zimmerman R.J. and Moore J.C. 2001. Soil microarthropod community structure and dynamics in organic and conventionally managed apple orchards in Western Colorado, USA. Appl Soil Ecol 18:83–96.

Drinkwater L.E., Letourneau D.K., Workneh F., Vanbruggen A.H.C. and Shennan C. 1995. Fundamental Differences between Conventional and Organic Tomato Agroecosystems in California. Ecol Appl 5:1098–1112.

Dritschilo W. and Erwin T.L. (1982). Responses in Abundance and Diversity of Cornfield Carabid Communities to Differences in Farm Practices. Ecology 63:900–904.

Dritschilo W. and Wanner D. (1980). Ground Beetle Abundance in Organic and Conventional Corn Fields. Environ Entomol 9:629–631.

Ekroos J., Hyvonen T., Tiainen J. and Tiira M. 2010. Responses in plant and carabid communities to farming practises in boreal landscapes. Agr Ecosyst Environ 135:288–293.

Feber R.E., Bell J., Johnson P.J., Firbank L.G. and Macdonald D.W. 1998. The effects of organic farming on surface-active spider (Araneae) assemblages in wheat in southern England, UK. Journal of Arachnology 26:190–202.

Feber R.E., Johnson P.J., Firbank L.G., Hopkins A. and Macdonald D.W. 2007. A comparison of butterfly populations on organically and conventionally managed farmland. Journal of Zoology 273:30–39.

Ferris H., Venette R.C. and Lau S.S. 1996. Dynamics of nematode communities in tomatoes grown in conventional and organic farming systems, and their impact on soil fertility. Appl Soil Ecol 3:161–175.

Fischer C., Flohre A., Clement L.W., Batary P., Weisser W.W., Tscharntke T. and Thies C. 2011. Mixed effects of landscape structure and farming practice on bird diversity. Agr Ecosyst Environ 141:119–125.

Fluetsch K.M. and Sparling D.W. (1994). Avian Nesting Success and Diversity in Conventionally and Organically Managed Apple Orchards. Environ Toxicol Chem 13:1651–1659.

Freckman D.W. and Ettema C.H. (1993). Assessing Nematode Communities in Agroecosystems of Varying Human Intervention. Agr Ecosyst Environ 45:239–261.

Freemark K.E. and Kirk D.A. 2001. Birds on organic and conventional farms in Ontario: partitioning effects of habitat and practices on species composition and abundance. Biol Conserv 101:337–350.

Gabriel D., Roschewitz I., Tscharntke T. and Thies C. 2006. Beta diversity at different spatial scales: Plant communities in organic and conventional agriculture. Ecol Appl 16:2011–2021.

Gaigher R. and Samways M. 2010. Surface-active arthropods in organic vineyards, integrated vineyards and natural habitat in the Cape Floristic Region. J Insect Conserv 14:595–605.

Geiger F., de Snoo G.R., Berendse F., Guerrero I., Morales M.B., Onate J.J., Eggers S., Part T., Bommarco R., Bengtsson J., Clement L.W., Weisser W.W., Olszewski A., Ceryngier P., Hawro V., Inchausti P., Fischer C., Flohre A., Thies C. and Tscharntke T. 2010. Landscape composition influences farm management effects on farmland birds in winter: A pan-European approach. Agr Ecosyst Environ 139:571–577.

Gibson R.H., Pearce S., Morris R.J., Symondson W.O.C. and Memmott J. 2007. Plant diversity and land use under organic and conventional agriculture: a whole-farm approach. J Appl Ecol 44:792–803.

Gluck E. and Ingrisch S. (1990). The Effect of Biodynamic and Conventional Agriculture Management on Erigoninae and Lycosidae Spiders. Journal of Applied Entomology-Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie 110:136–148.

Haas G., Wetterich F. and Kopke U. 2001. Comparing intensive, extensified and organic grassland farming in southern Germany by process life cycle assessment. Agr Ecosyst Environ 83:43–53.

Hald A.B. (1999). Weed vegetation (wild flora) of long established organic versus conventional cereal fields in Denmark. Annals of Applied Biology 134:307–314.

Helenius J. (1990). Conventional and Organic Cropping Systems at Suitia .6. Insect Populations in Barley. Journal of Agricultural Science in Finland 62:349–355.

Hesler L.S., Grigarick A.A., Oraze M.J. and Palrang A.T. (1993). Arthropod Fauna of Conventional and Organic Rice Fields in California. Journal of Economic Entomology 86:149–158.

Hijri I., Sykorova Z., Oehl F., Ineichen K., Mader P., Wiemken A. and Redecker D. 2006. Communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in arable soils are not necessarily low in diversity. Molecular Ecology 15:2277–2289.

Hokkanen H. and Holopainen J.K. (1986). Carabid Species and Activity Densities in Biologically and Conventionally Managed Cabbage Fields. Journal of Applied Entomology-Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie 102:353–363.

Holzschuh A., Steffan-Dewenter I. and Tscharntke T. 2010. How do landscape composition and configuration, organic farming and fallow strips affect the diversity of bees, wasps and their parasitoids? J Anim Ecol 79:491–500.

Hutton S.A. and Giller P.S. 2003. The effects of the intensification of agriculture on northern temperate dung beetle communities. J Appl Ecol 40:994–1007.

Hyvonen T. 2007. Can conversion to organic farming restore the species composition of arable weed communities? Biol Conserv 137:382–390.

Hyvonen T. and Salonen J. 2002. Weed species diversity and community composition in cropping practices at two intensity levels - a six-year experiment. Plant Ecology 159:73–81.

Jaffee B.A., Ferris H. and Scow K.M. 1998. Nematode-trapping fungi in organic and conventional cropping systems. Phytopathology 88:344–350.

Jones G.A., Sieving K.E. and Jacobson S.K. 2005. Avian diversity and functional insectivory on north-central Florida farmlands. Conservation Biology 19:1234–1245.

Jose-Maria L., Armengot L., Blanco-Moreno J.M., Bassa M. and Sans F.X. 2010. Effects of agricultural intensification on plant diversity in Mediterranean dryland cereal fields. J Appl Ecol 47:832–840.

Koss A.M., Jensen A.S., Schreiber A., Pike K.S. and Snyder W.E. 2005. Comparison of predator and pest communities in Washington potato fields treated with broad-spectrum, selective, or organic insecticides. Environ Entomol 34:87–95.

Krauss M., Berner A., Burger D., Wiemken A., Niggli U. and Mader P. 2010. Reduced tillage in temperate organic farming: implications for crop management and forage production. Soil Use Manage 26:12–20.

Kromp B. (1990). Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) as Bioindicators in Biological and Conventional Farming in Austrian Potato Fields. Biol Fert Soils 9:182–187.

Krooss S. and Schaefer M. 1998. The effect of different farming systems on epigeic arthropods: a five-year study on the rove beetle fauna (Coleoptera : Staphylinidae) of winter wheat. Agr Ecosyst Environ 69:121–133.

Letourneau D.K. and Goldstein B. 2001. Pest damage and arthropod community structure in organic vs. conventional tomato production in California. J Appl Ecol, 38:557–570.

Lumini E., Vallino M., Alguacil M.M., Romani M. and Bianciotto V. 2011. Different farming and water regimes in Italian rice fields affect arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal soil communities. Ecol Appl 21:1696–1707.

Macfadyen S., Gibson R., Raso L., Sint D., Traugott M. and Memmott J. 2009. Parasitoid control of aphids in organic and conventional farming systems. Agr Ecosyst Environ 133:14–18.

Mader P., Fliessbach A., Dubois D., Gunst L., Fried P. and Niggli U. 2002. Soil fertility and biodiversity in organic farming. Science 296:1694–1697.

Manhoudt A.G.E., Visser A.J. and de Snoo G.R. 2007. Management regimes and farming practices enhancing plant species richness on ditch banks. Agr Ecosyst Environ 119:353–358.

Minarro M., Espadaler X., Melero V.X. and Suarez-Alvarez V. 2009. Organic versus conventional management in an apple orchard: effects of fertilization and tree-row management on ground-dwelling predaceous arthropods. Agr Forest Entomol11:133–142.

Moreby S.J., Aebischer N.J., Southway S.E. and Sotherton N.W. (1994). A Comparison of the Flora and Arthropod Fauna of Organically and Conventionally Grown Winter-Wheat in Southern England. Annals of Applied Biology 125:13–27.

Moreby S.J. and Sotherton N.W. (1997). A comparison of some important chick-food insect groups found in organic and conventionaly-grown winter wheat fields in southern England. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 15:51–60.

Mulder C., Cohen J.E., Setala H., Bloem J. and Breure A.M. 2005. Bacterial traits, organism mass, and numerical abundance in the detrital soil food web of Dutch agricultural grasslands. (vol 8, pg 80, 2005). Ecology Letters 8:575–575.

Neher D.A. (1999). Nematode communities in organically and conventionally managed agricultural soils. Journal of Nematology 31:142–154.

Neher D.A. and Olson R.K. (1999). Nematode communities in soils of four farm cropping management systems. Pedobiologia 43:430–438.

O'Sullivan C.M. and Gormally M.J. 2002. A comparison of ground beetle (Carabidae : coleoptera) communities in an organic and conventional potato crop. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 20:99–110.

Oberg S., Ekbom B. and Bommarco R. 2007. Influence of habitat type and surrounding landscape on spider diversity in Swedish agroecosystems. Agr Ecosyst Environ 122:211–219.

Oehl F., Sieverding E., Mader P., Dubois D., Ineichen K., Boller T. and Wiemken A. 2004. Impact of long-term conventional and organic farming on the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Oecologia 138:574–583.

Ondine F.C., Jean C. and Romain J. 2009. Effects of organic and soil conservation management on specialist bird species. Agr Ecosyst Environ 129:140–143.

Paoletti M.G., Schweigl U. and Favretto M.R. 1995. Soil Macroinvertebrates, Heavy-Metals and Organochlorines in Low and High Input Apple Orchards and a Coppiced Woodland. Pedobiologia 39:20–33.

Papatheodorou E.M., Efthimiadou E. and Stamou G.P. 2008. Functional diversity of soil bacteria as affected by management practices and phenological stage of Phaseolus vulgaris. European Journal of Soil Biology 44:429–436.

Pelosi C., Bertrand M. and Roger-Estrade J. 2009. Earthworm community in conventional, organic and direct seeding with living mulch cropping systems. Agron Sustain Dev 29:287–295.

Petersen S., Axelsen J.A., Tybirk K., Aude E. and Vestergaard P. 2006. Effects of organic farming on field boundary vegetation in Denmark. Agr Ecosyst Environ 113:302–306.

Peverieri G.S., Simoni S., Goggioli D., Liguori M. and Castagnoli M. 2009. Effects of variety and management practices on mite species diversity in Italian vineyards. Bulletin of Insectology 62:53–60.

Pfiffner L. and Luka H. 2000. Overwintering of arthropods in soils of arable fields and adjacent semi-natural habitats. Agr Ecosyst Environ 78:215–222.

Pfiffner L. and Luka H. 2007. Earthworm populations in two low-input cereal farming systems. Appl Soil Ecol 37:184–191.

Pfiffner L. and Niggli U. 1996. Effects of bio-dynamic, organic and conventional farming on ground beetles (Col Carabidae) and other epigaeic arthropods in winter wheat. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 12:353–364.

Piha M., Tiainen J., Holopainen J. and Vepsalainen V. 2007. Effects of land-use and landscape characteristics on avain disversity and abundance in a boreal agricultural landscape with organic and conventional farms. Biol Conserv 140:50–61.

Pocock M.J.O. and Jennings N. 2008. Testing biotic indicator taxa: the sensitivity of insectivorous mammals and their prey to the intensification of lowland agriculture. J Appl Ecol 45:151–160.

Ponce C., Bravo C., Leon D.G., Magana M. and Alonso J.C. 2011. Effects of organic farming on plant and arthropod communities: A case study in Mediterranean dryland cereal. Agr Ecosyst Environ 141:193–201.

Purtauf T., Roschewitz I., Dauber J., Thies C., Tscharntke T. and Wolters V. 2005. Landscape context of organic and conventional farms: Influences on carabid beetle diversity. Agr Ecosyst Environ 108:165–174.

Ramirez R.A., Henderson D.R., Riga E., Lacey L.A. and Snyder W.E. 2009. Harmful effects of mustard bio-fumigants on entomopathogenic nematodes. Biol Control 48:147–154.

Reddersen J. (1997). The arthropod fauna of organic versus conventional cereal fields in Denmark. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 15:61–71.

Rendon M.A.P., Ibarra-Nunez G., Parra-Tabla V., Garcia-Ballinas J.A. and Henaut Y. 2006. Spider diversity in coffee plantations with different management in Southeast Mexico. Journal of Arachnology 34:104–112.

Romero A., Chamorro L. and Sans F.X. 2008. Weed diversity in crop edges and inner fields of organic and conventional dryland winter cereal crops in NE Spain. Agr Ecosyst Environ 124:97–104.

Roschewitz I., Gabriel D., Tscharntke T. and Thies C. 2005. The effects of landscape complexity on arable weed species diversity in organic and conventional farming. J Appl Ecol 42:873–882.

Ruano F., Lozano C., Garcia P., Pena A., Tinaut A., Pascual F. and Campos M. 2004. Use of arthropods for the evaluation of the olive-orchard management regimes. Agr Forest Entomol 6:111–120.

Rundlof M., Edlund M. and Smith H.G. 2010. Organic farming at local and landscape scales benefits plant diversity. Ecography, 33:514–522.

Rundlof M. and Smith H.G. 2006. The effect of organic farming on butterfly diversity depends on landscape context. J Appl Ecol 43:1121–1127.

Salonen J., Hyvonen T. and Jalli H. 2001. Weeds in spring cereal fields in Finland - a third survey. Agricultural and Food Science in Finland 10:347–364.

Schmidt M.H., Roschewitz I., Thies C. and Tscharntke T. 2005. Differential effects of landscape and management on diversity and density of ground-dwelling farmland spiders. J Appl Ecol 42:281–287.

Schon N.L., Mackay A.D. and Minor M.A. 2011. Soil fauna in sheep-grazed hill pastures under organic and conventional livestock management and in an adjacent ungrazed pasture. Pedobiologia 54:161–168.

Sivapalan A., Morgan W.C. and Franz P.R. (1993). Monitoring Populations of Soil-Microorganisms during a Conversion from a Conventional to an Organic-System of Vegetable Growing. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture10:9–27.

Smith H.G., Danhardt J., Lindstrom A. and Rundlof M. 2010. Consequences of organic farming and landscape heterogeneity for species richness and abundance of farmland birds. Oecologia 162:1071–1079.

Suthar S. 2009. Earthworm communities a bioindicator of arable land management practices: A case study in semiarid region of India. Ecological Indicators 9:588–594.

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Weibull A.C., Bengtsson J. and Nohlgren E. 2000. Diversity of butterflies in the agricultural landscape: the role of farming system and landscape heterogeneity. Ecography 23:743–750.

Weibull A.C., Ostman O. and Granqvist A. 2003. Species richness in agroecosystems: the effect of landscape, habitat and farm management. Biodivers Conserv 12:1335–1355.

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Wickramasinghe L.P., Harris S., Jones G. and Jennings N.V. 2004. Abundance and species richness of nocturnal insects on organic and conventional farms: Effects of agricultural intensification on bat foraging. Conservation Biology 18:1283–1292.

Wickramasinghe L.P., Harris S., Jones G. and Vaughan N. 2003. Bat activity and species richness on organic and conventional farms: impact of agricultural intensification. J Appl Ecol 40:984–993.

Wilson A.L., Watts R.J. and Stevens M.M. 2008. Effects of different management regimes on aquatic macroinvertebrate diversity in Australian rice fields. Ecological Research 23:565–572.

Winqvist C., Bengtsson J., Aavik T., Berendse F., Clement L.W., Eggers S., Fischer C., Flohre A., Geiger F., Liira J., Part T., Thies C., Tscharntke T., Weisser W.W. and Bommarco R. 2011. Mixed effects of organic farming and landscape complexity on farmland biodiversity and biological control potential across Europe. J Appl Ecol 48:570–579.

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Zalazar L. and Salvo A. 2007. Entomofauna associated to horticultural crops under organic and conventional practices in Cordoba, Argentina. Neotropical Entomology 36:765–773.


References for Data2.txt (see Supplement 1) - Burned vs. Unburned Sites

Adeney J.M., Ginsberg J.R., Russell G.J. and Kinnaird M.F. 2006. Effects of an ENSO-related fire on birds of a lowland tropical forest in Sumatra. Animal Conservation 9:292–301.

Allen E.A., Chambers J.C. and Nowak R.S. 2008. Effects of a Spring Prescribed Burn on the Soil Seed Bank in Sagebrush Steppe Exhibiting Pinyon-Juniper Expansion. Western North American Naturalist 68:265–277.

Allen J.C., Krieger S.M., Walters J.R. and Collazo J.A. 2006. Associations of breeding birds with fire-influenced and riparian-upland gradients in a longleaf pine ecosystem. Auk 123:1110–1128.

Andersen A.N., Penman T.D., Debas N. and Houadria M. 2009. Ant community responses to experimental fire and logging in a eucalypt forest of south-eastern Australia. Forest Ecology and Management 258:188–197.

Antunes S.C., Curado N., Castro B.B. and Goncalves F. 2009. Short-term recovery of soil functional parameters and edaphic macro-arthropod community after a forest fire. Journal of Soils and Sediments 9:267–278.

Arnan X., Rodrigo A. and Retana J. 2006. Post-fire recovery of Mediterranean ground ant communities follows vegetation and dryness gradients. Journal of Biogeography 33:1246–1258.

Arthur M.A., Paratley R.D. and Blankenship B.A. 1998. Single and repeated fires affect survival and regeneration of woody and herbaceous species in an oak-pine forest. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 125:225–236.

Beaudry S., Duchesne L.C. and Cote B. (1997). Short-term effects of three forestry practices on carabid assemblages in a jack pine forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Forestiere 27:2065–2071.

Benson T.J., Dinsmore J.J. and Hohman W.L. 2007. Responses of plants and arthropods to burning and disking of riparian habitats. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:1949–1957.

Blake J.G. 2005. Effects of prescribed burning on distribution and abundance of birds in a closed-canopy oak-dominated forest, Missouri, USA. Biological Conservation 121:519–531.

Bowles M. and Jones M. 2006. Testing the efficacy of species richness and floristic quality assessment of quality, temporal change, and fire effects in tallgrass prairie natural areas. Natural Areas Journal 26:17–30.

Brennan E.K., Smith L.M., Haukos D.A. and LaGrange T.G. 2005. Short-term response of wetland birds to prescribed burning in Rainwater Basin wetlands. Wetlands 25:667–674.

Burton J.A., Hallgren S.W., Fuhlendorf S.D. and Leslie D.M. 2011. Understory response to varying fire frequencies after 20 years of prescribed burning in an upland oak forest. Plant Ecology 212:1513–1525.

Campbell J.W., Hanula J.L. and Outcalt K.W. (2008a). Effects of prescribed fire and other plant community restoration treatments on tree mortality, bark beetles, and other saproxylic Coleoptera of longleaf pine, Pinus palustris Mill., on the Coastal Plain of Alabama. Forest Ecology and Management 254:134–144.

Campbell J.W., Hanula J.L. and Waldrop T.A. 2007. Effects of prescribed fire and fire surrogates on floral visiting insects of the blue ridge province in North Carolina. Biological Conservation 134:393–404.

Campbell J.W., Hanula J.L. and Waldrop T.A. (2008b). Effects of prescribed fire and fire surrogates on saproxylic Coleoptera in the Southern Appalachians of North Carolina. Journal of Entomological Science 43:57–75.

Cano P.D. and Leynaud G.C. 2010. Effects of fire and cattle grazing on amphibians and lizards in northeastern Argentina (Humid Chaco). European Journal of Wildlife Research 56:411–420.

Carilla J., Aragon R. and Gurvich D.E. 2011. Fire and grazing differentially affect aerial biomass and species composition in Andean grasslands. Acta Oecol 37:337–345.

Cleary D.F.R., Mooers A.O., Eichhorn K.A.O., van Tol J., de Jong R. and Menken S.B.J. 2004. Diversity and community composition of butterflies and odonates in an ENSO-induced fire affected habitat mosaic: a case study from East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Oikos 105:426–446.

Cobb T.P., Langor D.W. and Spence J.R. 2007. Biodiversity and multiple disturbances: boreal forest ground beetle (Coleoptera : Carabidae) responses to wildfire, harvesting, and herbicide. Canadian Journal of Forest Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Forestiere 37:1310–1323.

Coleman T.W. and Rieske L.K. 2006. Arthropod response to prescription burning at the soil-litter interface in oak-pine forests. Forest Ecology and Management 233:52–60.

Collett N.G. and Neumann F.G. 1995. Effects of 2 Spring Prescribed Fires on Epigeal Coleoptera in Dry Sclerophyll Eucalypt Forest in Victoria, Australia. Forest Ecology and Management 76:69–85.

Cunningham S.C., Babb R.D., Jones T.R., Taubert B.D. and Vega R. 2002. Reaction of lizard populations to a catastrophic wildfire in a central Arizona mountain range. Biological Conservation 107:193–201.

Dawes-Gromadzki T.Z. 2007. Short-term effects of low intensity fire on soil macroinvertebrate assemblages in different vegetation patch types in an Australian tropical savanna. Austral Ecology 32:663–668.

Dieni J.S. and Anderson S.H. (1999). Effects of regent burning on breeding bird community structure in aspen forests. Journal of Field Ornithology 70:491–503.

Diniz I.R., Higgins B. and Morais H.C. 2011. How do frequent fires in the Cerrado alter the lepidopteran community? Biodiversity and Conservation 20:1415–1426.

Dosso K., Konate S., Aidara D. and Linsenmair K.E. 2010. Termite diversity and abundance across fire-induced habitat variability in a tropical moist savanna (Lamto, Central Cote d'Ivoire). Journal of Tropical Ecology 26:323–334.

Elliott K.J., Hendrick R.L., Major A.E., Vose J.M. and Swank W.T. (1999). Vegetation dynamics after a prescribed fire in the southern Appalachians. Forest Ecology and Management 114:199–213.

Fernandez M.F. and Costas J.M.S. 2002. Recolonization of a burnt pine forest (Pinus pinaster) by edaphic coleoptera. Entomologia Generalis 26:17–28.

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