Ecological Archives E095-047-A3

Brian Hayden, Chris Harrod, Kimmo K. Kahilainen. 2014. Lake morphometry and resource polymorphism determine niche segregation between cool- and cold-water-adapted fish. Ecology 95:538–553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-0264.1

Appendix C. Density and isotopic values of sampled invertebrate taxa.

Table C1. Mean density (±SD) of benthic and pelagic invertebrate communities in LSR whitefish dominated (L.Pel and L.Lit), LSR and perch (LP.Pel and LP.Lit) and polymorphic whitefish and perch (LPD) lakes. Benthic invertebrate groups are summarized as Chironomid (Chironomid larvae), Mollusca (Lymnaea sp., Valvata sp., Pisidium sp., Sphaerium sp.), Crustacean (Gammarus lacustris and Asellus aquaticus), Insecta (Trichoptera larvae, Ephemeroptera, Megaloptera, Plecoptera, and Dytiscidae nymphs) and other (Gordius sp., Hirudinea, Tabanidae, and Turbellaria). Copepoda includes Cyclopoida and Calanoida. Nauplius larvae are not included in Copepoda density as they are not a prey item for juvenile or adult coregonids (Kahilainen et al. 2005). Benthic invertebrates are subdivided into littoral and profundal categories, pelagic zooplankton were sampled from the entire water-column.

 

 

 

Benthic macroinvertebrates (n/m²)

 

Zooplankton (n/L)

Lake class

Lake

Habitat

Chironomid

Mollusc

Oligochaeta

Crustacean

Insecta

Other

 

Cladocera

Copepoda

L.Pel

L. Kilpis

Littoral

1628 (963)

264 (164)

763 (722)

-

-

39 (47)

 

0.58 (0.97)

1.63 (1.37)

 

Profundal

264 (296)

61 (69)

247 (175)

-

-

-

 

-

-

L. Tsahkal

Littoral

2087 (1084)

307 (298)

744 (746)

122 (200)

30 (44)

44 (50)

 

0.09 (0.09)

0.18 (0.17)

 

Profundal

1006 (540)

148 (130)

52 (37)

-

-

11 (20)

 

-

-

L.Lit

L. Kuohkima

Littoral

992 (691)

167 (195)

56 (76)

41 (114)

22 (30)

15 (35)

 

0.15 (0.15)

2.11 (1.02)

 

Profundal

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

L. Siilas

Littoral

2177 (860)

114 (116)

716 (1221)

-

27 (30)

59 (65)

 

0.04 (0.06)

0.09 (0.1)

 

Profundal

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

LP.Pel

L. Raha

Littoral

619 (569)

12 (24)

126 (135)

3 (11)

15 (19)

15 (25)

 

0.73 (0.63)

1.2 (0.69)

 

Profundal

80 (69)

30 (47)

128 (107)

-

-

-

 

-

-

L. Vuontis

Littoral

410 (285)

44 (90)

169 (140)

-

42 (57)

27 (45)

 

2.19 (1.78)

1.65 (1.34)

 

Profundal

97 (98)

5 (13)

28 (26)

-

-

-

 

-

-

LP.Lit

L. Kivi

Littoral

2033 (1029)

405 (277)

409 (464)

5 (15)

217 (148)

44 (54)

 

0.06 (0.14)

0.06 (0.1)

 

Profundal

1066 (452)

111 (88)

178 (225)

-

7 (18)

52 (52)

 

-

-

L. Aksu

Littoral

928 (777)

74 (90)

258 (135)

49 (109)

119 (86)

172 (121)

 

1.68 (1.43)

4.55 (3.77)

 

Profundal

785 (304)

104 (68)

374 (422)

-

-

485 (520)

 

-

-

LPD

L. Muddus

Littoral

803 (495)

126 (139)

365 (324)

3 (11)

71 (95)

95 (73)

 

2.01 (1.83)

2.1 (1.09)

 

Profundal

115 (148)

30 (42)

30 (42)

-

-

8 (20)

 

-

-

L. Vastus

Littoral

1480 (724)

217 (158)

699 (709)

-

147 (104)

102 (88)

 

0.25 (0.4)

0.02 (0.05)

 

Profundal

151 (89)

12 (26)

49 (58)

-

-

82 (147)

 

-

-

 

FigC1

Fig. C1. (A) Mean (±95% C.I.) density of benthic macroinvertebrates and (B) mean (±95% CI)  size of zooplankton in study sites. Detailed description of benthic macroinvertebrate density is provided in Table C1.


 

Table C2. Mean (± SD) stable isotope values of pooled invertebrate groups; n values of BMI groups refer to number of macroinvertebrate families, each of which consists of > 5 individuals, pooled to provide the baseline values. Pelagic zooplankton (ZPL) values are comprised of all individuals collected from plankton hauls (n). Area of a standard ellipse of invertebrate isotope values (SEAc) is also presented. Note that a profundal zone was absent in L. Siilas and L. Kuohkima.

 

 

Littoral BMI

Profundal BMI

Pelagic ZPL

 

Lake Class

Lake

n

δ13C

δ15N

n

δ13C

δ15N

n

δ13C

δ15N

SEAc

L.Pel

L. Kilpis

37

-17.2 (1.8)

3.1 (1.2)

28

-25.5 (2.8)

5.5 (1.8)

14

-31.4 (1.1)

3.5 (0.5)

32.3

L. Tsahkal

35

-26.6 (3.2)

2.8 (1.5)

19

-32.9 (3.4)

5.5 (1.5)

5

-35.5 (0.3)

4 (0.2)

26.3

L.Lit

L. Siilas

18

-25.1 (2.7)

2.2 (1.6)

-

-

-

1

-35.3*

4.2*

22.5

L. Kuohkima

19

-26.7 (2.1)

1.9 (0.7)

-

-

-

1

-33.1

4.5

12.4

LP.Pel

L. Raha

29

-23.8 (4.5)

3.4 (1.8)

13

-30 (2.5)

6.5 (1.3)

18

-32 (1)

4.7 (0.8)

27.9

L. Vuontis

24

-20.6 (4.8)

2.4 (1.7)

13

-31.1 (2.7)

3.5 (1.3)

10

-28.7 (1.1)

5.1 (0.7)

31.9

LP.Lit

L. Aksu

21

-23.8 (2.9)

3.4 (0.9)

8

-31.4 (3.4)

4.6 (1.6)

10

-29.9 (0.5)

6.3 (0.8)

17.1

L. Kivi

37

-25.1 (2.1)

2.9 (1.5)

8

-32.3 (2.3)

5.1 (1.7)

2

31.2

3.1

18.1

LPD

L. Muddus

48

-26.1 (2.3)

3.6 (1.7)

17

-29.9 (1.2)

6.4 (1.3)

8

-32.4 (1.3)

6.6 (0.6)

15.9

 

L. Vastus

21

-23.8 (2.9)

3.4 (0.9)

8

-31.4 (3.4)

4.6 (1.4)

10

-29.9 (0.5)

6.3 (0.8)

17.2

*Collected September 2012.


[Back to E095-047]