Ecological Archives E095-047-A3
Brian Hayden, Chris Harrod, Kimmo K. Kahilainen. 2014. Lake morphometry and resource polymorphism determine niche segregation between cool- and cold-water-adapted fish. Ecology 95:538–553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-0264.1
Appendix C. Density and isotopic values of sampled invertebrate taxa.
Table C1. Mean density (±SD) of benthic and pelagic invertebrate communities in LSR whitefish dominated (L.Pel and L.Lit), LSR and perch (LP.Pel and LP.Lit) and polymorphic whitefish and perch (LPD) lakes. Benthic invertebrate groups are summarized as Chironomid (Chironomid larvae), Mollusca (Lymnaea sp., Valvata sp., Pisidium sp., Sphaerium sp.), Crustacean (Gammarus lacustris and Asellus aquaticus), Insecta (Trichoptera larvae, Ephemeroptera, Megaloptera, Plecoptera, and Dytiscidae nymphs) and other (Gordius sp., Hirudinea, Tabanidae, and Turbellaria). Copepoda includes Cyclopoida and Calanoida. Nauplius larvae are not included in Copepoda density as they are not a prey item for juvenile or adult coregonids (Kahilainen et al. 2005). Benthic invertebrates are subdivided into littoral and profundal categories, pelagic zooplankton were sampled from the entire water-column.
Benthic macroinvertebrates (n/m²)
Zooplankton (n/L)
Lake class
Lake
Habitat
Chironomid
Mollusc
Oligochaeta
Crustacean
Insecta
Other
Cladocera
Copepoda
L.Pel
L. Kilpis
Littoral
1628 (963)
264 (164)
763 (722)
-
-
39 (47)
0.58 (0.97)
1.63 (1.37)
Profundal
264 (296)
61 (69)
247 (175)
-
-
-
-
-
L. Tsahkal
Littoral
2087 (1084)
307 (298)
744 (746)
122 (200)
30 (44)
44 (50)
0.09 (0.09)
0.18 (0.17)
Profundal
1006 (540)
148 (130)
52 (37)
-
-
11 (20)
-
-
L.Lit
L. Kuohkima
Littoral
992 (691)
167 (195)
56 (76)
41 (114)
22 (30)
15 (35)
0.15 (0.15)
2.11 (1.02)
Profundal
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
L. Siilas
Littoral
2177 (860)
114 (116)
716 (1221)
-
27 (30)
59 (65)
0.04 (0.06)
0.09 (0.1)
Profundal
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
LP.Pel
L. Raha
Littoral
619 (569)
12 (24)
126 (135)
3 (11)
15 (19)
15 (25)
0.73 (0.63)
1.2 (0.69)
Profundal
80 (69)
30 (47)
128 (107)
-
-
-
-
-
L. Vuontis
Littoral
410 (285)
44 (90)
169 (140)
-
42 (57)
27 (45)
2.19 (1.78)
1.65 (1.34)
Profundal
97 (98)
5 (13)
28 (26)
-
-
-
-
-
LP.Lit
L. Kivi
Littoral
2033 (1029)
405 (277)
409 (464)
5 (15)
217 (148)
44 (54)
0.06 (0.14)
0.06 (0.1)
Profundal
1066 (452)
111 (88)
178 (225)
-
7 (18)
52 (52)
-
-
L. Aksu
Littoral
928 (777)
74 (90)
258 (135)
49 (109)
119 (86)
172 (121)
1.68 (1.43)
4.55 (3.77)
Profundal
785 (304)
104 (68)
374 (422)
-
-
485 (520)
-
-
LPD
L. Muddus
Littoral
803 (495)
126 (139)
365 (324)
3 (11)
71 (95)
95 (73)
2.01 (1.83)
2.1 (1.09)
Profundal
115 (148)
30 (42)
30 (42)
-
-
8 (20)
-
-
L. Vastus
Littoral
1480 (724)
217 (158)
699 (709)
-
147 (104)
102 (88)
0.25 (0.4)
0.02 (0.05)
Profundal
151 (89)
12 (26)
49 (58)
-
-
82 (147)
-
-
Fig. C1. (A) Mean (±95% C.I.) density of benthic macroinvertebrates and (B) mean (±95% CI) size of zooplankton in study sites. Detailed description of benthic macroinvertebrate density is provided in Table C1.
Table C2. Mean (± SD) stable isotope values of pooled invertebrate groups; n values of BMI groups refer to number of macroinvertebrate families, each of which consists of > 5 individuals, pooled to provide the baseline values. Pelagic zooplankton (ZPL) values are comprised of all individuals collected from plankton hauls (n). Area of a standard ellipse of invertebrate isotope values (SEAc) is also presented. Note that a profundal zone was absent in L. Siilas and L. Kuohkima.
Littoral BMI
Profundal BMI
Pelagic ZPL
Lake Class
Lake
n
δ13C
δ15N
n
δ13C
δ15N
n
δ13C
δ15N
SEAc
L.Pel
L. Kilpis
37
-17.2 (1.8)
3.1 (1.2)
28
-25.5 (2.8)
5.5 (1.8)
14
-31.4 (1.1)
3.5 (0.5)
32.3
L. Tsahkal
35
-26.6 (3.2)
2.8 (1.5)
19
-32.9 (3.4)
5.5 (1.5)
5
-35.5 (0.3)
4 (0.2)
26.3
L.Lit
L. Siilas
18
-25.1 (2.7)
2.2 (1.6)
-
-
-
1
-35.3*
4.2*
22.5
L. Kuohkima
19
-26.7 (2.1)
1.9 (0.7)
-
-
-
1
-33.1
4.5
12.4
LP.Pel
L. Raha
29
-23.8 (4.5)
3.4 (1.8)
13
-30 (2.5)
6.5 (1.3)
18
-32 (1)
4.7 (0.8)
27.9
L. Vuontis
24
-20.6 (4.8)
2.4 (1.7)
13
-31.1 (2.7)
3.5 (1.3)
10
-28.7 (1.1)
5.1 (0.7)
31.9
LP.Lit
L. Aksu
21
-23.8 (2.9)
3.4 (0.9)
8
-31.4 (3.4)
4.6 (1.6)
10
-29.9 (0.5)
6.3 (0.8)
17.1
L. Kivi
37
-25.1 (2.1)
2.9 (1.5)
8
-32.3 (2.3)
5.1 (1.7)
2
31.2
3.1
18.1
LPD
L. Muddus
48
-26.1 (2.3)
3.6 (1.7)
17
-29.9 (1.2)
6.4 (1.3)
8
-32.4 (1.3)
6.6 (0.6)
15.9
L. Vastus
21
-23.8 (2.9)
3.4 (0.9)
8
-31.4 (3.4)
4.6 (1.4)
10
-29.9 (0.5)
6.3 (0.8)
17.2
*Collected September 2012.